Discuss the Role that Alfieri Plays Essay Example for Free

Discuss the Role that Alfieri Plays EssayArthur Millers A View from the couplet is a modern tragedy set in 1950s Brooklyn about a mans obsession with his niece, and what that obsession ultimately brings about. Eddie Carbone, a hard- working dockworker is the tragic mavin of the piece who struggles with how he feels about his niece, Catherine. Miller manages identify and raise many themes concerning the people who lived in the area in which the play was set, themes such as family, justice, mention and death, themes that played a big part in society during that era. Alfieri is the narrator of the play he is like a sort of Greek chorus in the sense that he divides the scenes with monologues, he also explains to the audience the themes and adds depth to the play. From the very beginning of the play Alfieri hints towards tragedy, he does this a few times in his prologue, for example, he says I am inclined to see the ruin in things, This tells the audience or readers straight a styl us, at the beginning of the play that Alfieri can see that Eddies grade is going to end in disaster. Towards the end of the prologue, it is clear that Alfieri can do nothing to avert the play from tragedy.another lawyer, quite differently dressed, heard the kindred complaint and sat in that location as powerless as I, beared it run its rail liney course. The quote explains that nobody could do anything to change what is going to happen. It also hints that blood is going to be spilt and someone is going to die. When Marco and Rodolfo first arrive they act very differently, Marco enters the house greets everyone and inst altogethers Eddie a lot of respect and thanks him, whereas Rodolfo does not show any gratitude toward Eddie at all. The stage instructions show that Eddie, whenever he asks a question about them, he goes to Marco and totally bypasses Rodolfo.Eddie shows hostility towards him from the very beginning, for example, when Rodolfo starts singing theme Doll, Eddie in terrupts and warns him that by singing it could raise suspicion about them because singing is different and as Eddie says Because we never had no singers here and all of a sudden theres a singer in the house, yknow what I mean? Eddie begins to act differently, jealous that he is no longer getting all the attention in the house, instead, Rodolfo is getting all of the attention from the women, he doesnt like this so he stops him from singing and uses the excuse above to regain control of the household.The first time Eddie meets Alfieri to see if there is any legal action he can take against Rodolfo to get him away from Catherine. He is now incredibly jealous of Rodolfo and Catherines relationship, this is because of his incest feeling for Katy, Alfieri tells him about how he feels is wrong during their meeting We all eff somebody, the wife, the kids- every mans got somebody that he loves, heh? But sometimes theres too much. You know? Theres too much and it goes where it mustnt. Eddi e cannot admit these feelings, and gets cockeyed that he cant do anything without immigration officers finding out about Marco and Rodolfo because it would involve betrayal, and that creates conflict within him. On one hand, he could betray Marco and Rodolfo and go against every thing he stands for by telling immigration, but on the other he could leave things as the stand and sit back to watch Catherine get married to Rodolfo and push his feelings aside. It is because Eddie cannot push his feelings for Katy aside that he dies, whatever he did he could not let her grow up.As Alfieri said, he did love her too much in the wrong way. This play could make believe ended many ways without violence, for instance, if Eddie forgot about his incest feeling or if Marco could have forgiven Eddie and apologised when Eddie demanded for his name, maybe the characters would have acted differently, but because they did not this play demonstrates many examples of betrayal, justice, honour, death an d many other themes. Alfieri provides link between scenes and helps the audience understand Eddie and in a way the way he thinks.

T-tests For Independent And Related Samples Essay Example for Free

T-tests For Independent And Related Samples EssayResearch Problem With the increased violence that occurs in our society, it is a reality that most children on accessible welfare or those who have been placed in foster mete out have had negative experiences. Some children need to be counseled and psychologically helped in dedicate to regain their sense of self and to help them cope with the difficulties that lie ahead of them. The most evident problems that these children have are in terms of their education and schooling. despite the efforts of social welfare to help them get the education they need, most children drop out of high school. This study would like to determine the remainder in the showtime rank of children in foster care who received counseling and those who did not receive counseling.Research Question Is there any difference in the graduation rates of children in foster care who had received counseling compared to those who did not?Hypothesis Null hypoth esis There is no significant difference in the graduation rates of children in foster care whether they received counseling or not.Alternative hypothesis There is a significant difference in the graduation rates of children in foster care when they received counseling compared to those who did not.Independent variable Counseling sessionsDependent variable Graduation rate (high school)statistical Design For this study, the appropriate statistical design is the related samples design (within groups) since the goal is to determine whether counseling sessions significantly increased or decreased the graduation rates of children in foster care which satisfies the assumption of the related sample t-test measures.Effect size The effect size between the two means would indicate the form or level of the difference between two groups, it could be high, moderate or low effect which would also indicate undecomposed how significant the difference between the two means are from each other. A pr obability value would not be able to clearly point out just how big the difference is.Table 1t-test Resulttdfp.05Graduation rate (with counseling vswithout counseling)2.6973.009N = 30 ES = .60Table 1 indicates that children in foster care who had received counseling were found to significantly have higher rates of graduation than those who have not received counseling. The t value (2.69) was found to be statistically significant (p.05), thus we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis that children in foster care are more likely to graduate if they had received counseling. It was also found that the effect size for this result was .60 which is according to Cohen (1988) is of medium degree. This would mean that the difference in the graduation rates for the two groups may be statistically significant but the difference is actually not so big that other factors may actually come into play with why children who receive counseling have better graduation rates.St atisticsN = 30Mean 1 = 14.75 SD = 6.03Mean 2 = 10.74 SD = 6.69t = 2.69df = 73p = .009

Using Social Media to Improve Food Safety

Using Social Media to Improve Food sentry dutyCatalin AricescuAbstractThe Food and do drugs Administration is an organization mandated to oversee the nutriment and do drugs rubber within the United States. On the other hand, selective education technology is growing flying and the agency take to implement break-dance means of dialogue especially with its billeticipants from consumers to intellectual nourishment sources. This study is a pilot research utilizing online deal to comprehend the feasibility of mixer media exercising for the melioration of the American nutriment safety agreement. The results of the study show that to a greater extent(prenominal) research is necessary as the brotherly media delectationrs are mainly young and educated adults and they play an imperative role in the quick dissemination of preventive nurture, as well as solid solid food recall notices, in a manner that is likely to be heard or read widely. Therefore, it would be essential fo r the American Food and Drug Administration to incorporate neighborly media into its main strategy.IntroductionThis pilot study was conducted to find place whether the food regulatory agencies much(prenominal) as the Food honestty and Inspection Service and the Food and Drug Administration should consider using mixer media as a means of improving the food safety system. According to Lang, Barling, Caraher, (2011) the utilization of friendly cyberspaceing in organizations is emerging. On the other hand, Seo, Almanza, Miao, Behnke, (2015) bear out that the strategic usage of social media in public firms is yet to be studied in great depth.According to Lang, Barling, Caraher, (2011), the ex switch over of food cultivation and know guidege on food jeopardize is a form of vulnerability communication in food and safety procedures. Having considered the major characteristics of a food safety system, this pilot study aimed at proofing those effectual and efficient food safet y procedures are by means of the adoption of social media use by various regulatory bodies. The agenda may be attain by bringing together organizations and individuals representing various backgrounds.BackgroundPublic Policy and Food Safety According to the Consumers Union (2013), the Food and Drug Administration is an trigger that is supposed to be a consumers watchdog. However, the agency has fallen short of its mandate. In the U.S., companies that supply processed foods often do not lease the capacity to indorsement ingredient safety. Labs (2013) sustains that most of the American corporations do not even know the people or companies that supply their ingredients. Additionally, they do not know whether those suppliers ingredients are screened for microbes or other potentially harmful microorganisms.Recently, the main public policy strategic focus on food safety has been adjudge. One of the strategies used to achieve control is through food recalls. Mayer and Harris (2012) s ay that food recalls often occur due to quality, physical or biological contamination. The Department of Agriculture, the FDA manufacturer, or the distributor can educate a recall (Labs, 2013). For food recalls to occur fast, there should be a victorian and effective means of message dissemination. Rapid selective randomness dissemination makes it easier to surveil the data to know whether those affected have obtained the information on the withdrawal. On the other hand, Seo, Almanza, Miao, Behnke, 2015 state the Food Safety Modernization Act is trying to change food safety management from reaction to prevention.Lang, Barling, and Caraher (2011) also state that more(prenominal) groups are involved in the nations food safety program. For instance, the United States Food Safety Working Group implemented innovative strategies for the American food safety system. The FSWG is a group that is focused on the modernization of the food safety system especially through partnerships wit h regulatory agencies, the food industry, and consumers. The FSWG suggested a better route to freedom from fear of food safety to safe food through alter food systems. Consequently, the FSWG is based on three principles that are strengthening surveillance, prioritizing prevention and improvement of response and recovery.Using social media for food safetyAccording to Mayer (2013), proper food recalling forms of communications are still in the infancy stage. Collier (2011) maintains that twain subjective norms and attitudes have an impact on consumers and their intent to act in accordance with a food recall. Attitudes have a greater impact on the peoples ability to comply. Subjective norms and attitudes can be found on social ne iirks. Consequently, social networks are imperative, according to Deasy (2012), and the role of social media is imperative in public policy. Mayer (2013) also suggests that regulatory bodies should emphasize the need to use social media. The use of social me dia is essential as it involves bringing together heterogeneous groups that form a social network. A social network is easier to coordinate when trying to severalize food hazards as well as propagate any form of food recall information (Karp, Baur, Atwill, De Master, Gennet, Iles, Kremen, 2015).Apart from using its website, the FDA could incorporate social networking strategies to change it reach more consumers especially when required to recall certain products from a market. Taylor, and Sklamberg (2016) state that the FDA website offers information or announcements on all forms of recalls. Additionally, consumers can obtain e-mails afterwards requesting to receive alerts on the website. Consumers that have food problems can report on the website, as the FDA has employed complaint coordinators within FDA district offices, to receive all forms of food complaints (Taylor Sklamberg, 2016). Furthermore, the conventional countersign outlets in the nation can broadcast recall info rmation. On the other hand, with the increased use of social media, it would be important for the reinvigorateds media and regulatory bodies to use social networks as a means of reaching a wider audience in a short magazine (Deasy, 2012). The social networks impart people to obtain information in real time while people may hear of a recall from a television or radio long after it was issued. For instance, Plum Organics is an organization that has voluntarily used social media to spread information on food.Labs (2013) states that people hearing negative news, such as a recall, that has a direct influence on them, will try to obtain information from informal networks. Additionally, Taylor Sklamberg (2016) say that people are more likely to participate in spreading the information when they believe that the negative event affects them directly and understand that the consequences are serious enough to call for an action. Freberg, Graham, McGaughey, Freberg, (2011) affirm that the c onsumers are important agents in spreading the information about a food recall that would effectively work online.Social media influencers are an essential part of the social networking and could dish out in the dissemination of information on food safety. According to Freberg, Graham, McGaughey, and Freberg (2011), consumers who use the social media such as tweets, blogs, or other political platforms to spread a negative event are known as social media influencers. Social media influencers play an essential role in the creation of noise in the system and on most occasions, their credibility is questioned due to misinformation or distortion of information. On the other hand, Lang, Barling, Caraher (2011) state that social media could still be used for the improvement of the food safety system.Social media use can be imperative in the food system. As Karp, Baur, Atwill, De Master, et al. (2015) sustain, the system could adopt a strategy that could inspection and repair in the exp loitation of the social networks, especially the social media. The social media may not only expand the systems versatile ability, but also improve its information dissemination to the public as well as take preventive role through tapping into diverse and unutilized resources on food hazard issues. Lang, Barling, and Caraher (2011) add that information and communication technological improvements helped develop ways through which the public agencies can learn on potential food hazards fast. The public agency still needs to coordinate communication to maintain the systems integrity. However, the planned utilization of innovative technologies allows coordination with regulatory interventions efficiently (Lang, Barling, Caraher, 2011).In spreading negative news, the social networks have been used extensively. Deasy (2012) maintains that new communication technologies can be utilized as an essential part of the food system, allowing all participants to exchange information on food saf ety. However, Mayer (2013) states that little driveway has been used to involve consumers as participants in food safety. Research on social network use within corporations is still emerging. However, little information is easy on its strategic use within public firms (Collier, 2012). The main disadvantage in the use of social media in public firms is information distortions.According to Taylor, and Sklamberg (2016), information disseminated online can be easily manipulated to a certain degree, which (Collier, 2012) states could bring about nave learning. Online information is often asymmetrical. Consequently, individuals, and organizations could try to insert false information into the social networks. Lang, Barling, Caraher (2011) state that some(prenominal) companies may choose to alter the information with an aim of raising their competitions costs. Additionally, social media influencers may obtain an incentive to manipulate specific information to increase their popularity online. Taylor, and Sklamberg, (2016) say that efforts have been made to uncover such attempts but still no protection is available from such manipulation. Consequently, efforts to use the social network to pass information on food safety should be considered.Materials and MethodsIn the study, it was imperative to understand the current situation on public agency use of social media on food recalls. To comprehend the current situation within the United States it was important to carry out a survey, which was done between work on 1 and March 9 2017. The survey aimed at focusing on the respondents attention. The main purpose of the study was to examine the responses on food recall. According to Deasy (2012), a food recall is the request to return an entire food production of a particular food product to the seller and it is usually done once safety issues are discovered.Social media use was common in this survey consequently, the first question asked in the survey was Which technolo gical device do you use regularly (Computer, laptop, tablet or Smartphone)? The survey also includes two essential questions on product recall experiences. The questions were Have you ever heard of a food recall? and How did you hear about the food recall? Seven demographic items followed the two questions. On the other hand, a participant that indicated she or he had never heard of a food recall, she or he automatically moved to next part of the survey.To obtain more information on personal experiences, the survey also included four scenarios that allowed the respondents to give more information. The first two circumstances dealt with the participants personal experiences particularly with food issues. The last two dealt with the recall announcements. uniform to the last section, anyone who has not experienced any scenario on food issues automatically moved to the next section.Table 1Scenarios used in the survey scratch ScenarioThe experience of a main issueHave you ever eaten lun ch at a eating house and later ad a severe bellyache leading to diarrhea and forcing you to seek medical assistance?Second ScenarioExperienced a minor problemHave you ever eaten at a restaurant and later had an upset stomach?Third ScenarioProduct you used recalledYou bought a packaged lettuce and later heard its disgrace recalled on radio, television, newspaper or online 4th ScenarioRecall of a product you never usedYou heard a packaged lettuce recalled on radio, television, newspaper or online but you never use the brandThe study was done on utilizing SurveyMonkey.Com, and it ended with three open-ended questions that includedThink of an occasion when you experienced a problem after eating at home or your favorite joint. Tell us the incident. How did you feel, what was your reaction, did anyone know of the problem? Did you seek medical attention? Did you change your eating or food acquire practice?Think of an occasion when you heard of a food recall. Tell us about the inciden t, how did you feel, what was your reaction, did anyone know of the incidence, did you change your eating or food purchasing patterns?Do you have any additional comments?Participants use of social media The participants showed their comprehension of food recall as well as having shared information on bad food experiences with coworkers, friends, and family through diverse social media platforms. The sharing of the information occurred under certain circumstances, for example, gravity of the issue or the person contacted.According to Lang, Barling, and Caraher (2011), social media use is common in age groups between 18-29 years and 30-49 years. In the results of the survey, the studied group was within the said age groups. In the study, we found that opening to smart phones decreases with age while the use of computers, mainly desktop, increased with age. Additionally, the use of social media among the participants decreased with age, but varied in relation to the specific social me dia such as YouTube and Facebook, which are platforms common in all ages.In the study, 94.8% of the participants had heard of a food recall. Surprisingly, most of the participants had heard of the food recall through broadcast or print media. On the other hand, the younger participants especially those below 25 years had heard of the food recall on both broadcast media and social networks, while those above 25 years had heard of the food recall through broadcast and print media.The Concerns and Experiences of the Participants with Food ProblemsMost of the participants showed their occupation for food safety especially on the participation of the government as well as organizations in monitoring the process successfully. The participants mentioned the need for Food and Drug Administration agencys participation in monitoring the food that people consume.The consumers also noted that there is an increased use of informal communication in food safety. On the other hand, they also expre ssed their concerns for the increased caution when using social networks as the main form of communication. Furthermore, they appreciated the need to obtain information on bad food. However, it should be mentioned that the person giving the information may have been self-diagnosing inaccurately. The participants mentioned the need to notify the authorities or the necessary bodies whenever there were food recalls after notifying friends and family.The participants had experienced the second Scenario more than the first scenario. Additionally, it was evident that the participants would tell others about the first scenario experience more than they would have in the second scenario. Moreover, more participants would have told others in the third scenario than they would have in the fourth scenario. Similar to previous studies, it was evident that more people were likely to tell others of a food recall if they used that product or had a severe experience from eating the food.The study a lso aimed at looking at any pattern on the responses. Therefore, Symphony software was used. On the other hand, a pattern did not exist as the participants mentioned different kinds of foods. Some of the foods mentioned included cereal, peanuts, beef, pizza, pork corn, fruit, chicken, lettuce, totality and chili, among others.The discovery of the patterns brought about the question Who is more likely to inform others on a recall or experience on bad food using the social media? To obtain an answer to the question all participants that used any form of social platform for more than one of the scenarios were grouped together. The activity led to the conclusion that well-educated and young adults especially females were more likely to spread information of a food recall.Table 2GenderAge disciplineFemale18-29 98College graduate 85Male18-29 79Advanced degree 87Outcomes and DiscussionsThe survey used a manageable sample of two hundred and fourteen respondents. Out of the 214, 212 respons es were obtained from three universities. In the study, there were more female respondents than males. The respondents were aged between 18 and 29 years. All the participants were from diverse racial backgrounds, well educated, and were studying different courses at their universities. About 7.1% of the participants had attained their undergraduate education and were pursuing a higher level of education.More studies will be needed to obtain more conclusive information on the use of social networks for food safety. The results of this pilot study suggested that the utilization of social media as a modality of spreading the word on bad food would enable people to cope with the situation better, both cognitively and emotionally. The process would also help in the improvement of the food safety system. The differences that social media can create in improving food safety may be due to the fast dissemination of information using social media. Information sent by a relative, friend, or a close contact is more likely to be read, rather than general public information, spread through a newspaper.The outcomes of the study also suggested that social network users are generally well-educated and young adults. On the other hand, those with the ability to spread the word are not necessarily those with the most friends online. When aspects such as education, race, and gender are constant, the younger generation is more likely to use social networking platforms more than the older persons are. Additionally, females are more likely to use social media than males. Presently, people often use social networking platforms to interact or spread information on events that they are not involved in or impacted by, directly.Upon hearing a recall of a acquainted(predicate) food product, females, unlike males, are more likely to pass information on the recall. Furthermore, an individual was more likely to spread the word on a recall after experiencing a severe food problem. On the oth er hand, those passing information were least likely to use social media as the platform to spread the word on a food recall. Therefore, agencies that need to improve their way of spreading information on food recall, need to adopt better plans, as well as formulate policies that ensure that the well-educated and young females are involved.Limitations of the StudyThis was a pilot study that was limited by time and as well as by using a specific demographic. The university students were the most purloin. However, the study lacked diversity in the convenient sample size. University students may have a particular mindset on information technology. Consequently, it was difficult to obtain a more diverse view on the study. Moreover, despite obtaining results that were similar to previous studies, the sample size was not a representative one. The small sample size offered limited information on the topic. The study did not cover some aspects that may have influenced the participants use of social media, such as employment or income. Therefore, a large and diverse population would be more appropriate for future studies on the topic.ConclusionAn outcome of this pilot research showed that due to the dynamics of social media, it is essential for food safety companies to use intelligence, sufficient resources, as well as good ideas to attain success in recalling bad food. The food agencies require having a strategy that offers a specific alertness in the use of social media information. For instance, the agencies may create their social media groups to manage the network and avoid misinformation. It would be important to form good relationships that are built on trust with the social media users. Furthermore, using hash tags when recalling food would help improve the spreading of the word. Agencies could as well collaborate with distributors, suppliers, grocers, manufacturers, restaurants and businesses that have websites to recall food products from a market, enabling better creation of trust. Consequently, using social media as part of the structured communication strategy would help improve the food and safety agencies.ReferencesCollier, M. (2011). The last-ditch online customer service guide How to connect with your customers to sell more. Hoboken, N.J. Wiley.Consumers Union. (2013). Call for FDA review Good News for consumers. Consumers Union, 2013.Deasy, D. J. (2012). Food safety and assurance The role of information technology. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 55(1), 1-4.Freberg, K Graham, K., McGaughey, K., Freberg, L. (2011). Who are the social media influences? A study of public perceptions of personality. Public Relations Review, 3(7), 90-92.Karp, D. S., Baur, P., Atwill, E. R., De Master, K., Gennet, S., Iles, A., Kremen, C. (2015). The unintended ecological and social impacts of food safety regulations in Californias Central Coast Region. Bioscience, 65(12), 1173-1183.Lang, T., Barling, D., Caraher, M. (2011). Food, soci al policy and the environment Towards a new model. Social Policy Administration, 35(5), 538.Labs, W. (2013). the state of food manufacturing. (cover story). Food Engineering, 85(10), 76-88.Mayer, A. B., Harris, J. A. (2012). Safe eats An evaluation of the use of social media for food safety education. Journal of Food Protection, 75(8), 1453-1463.Mayer, M. (2013). How social media drives expanded consumer base. Refrigerated Frozen Foods Retailer, 6.Seo, S., Almanza, B., Miao, L., Behnke, C. (2015). The effect of social media comments on consumers responses to food safety information. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 18(2), 111-131.Taylor, M. R., Sklamberg, H. R. (2016). Internationalizing food safety FDAs role in the global food system. Harvard International Review, 37(3), 32-37.

Food Analysis: Starch, Protein and Reducing Sugars

provender Analysis Starch, Protein and Reducing SugarsA Qualitative and three-figure study of feed Analysis to examine for the mien of starch, protein and for reduce sugars.Sorina PopaLaboratory Partner Chris PatersonObjectives The aims for this examine are to carry out a number of qualitative procedures in order to identify different victuals examines such as starch, protein and glucose that are accede or absent within the aqueous tests.IntroductionFood science is the application of biological, chemical and physical composition of nutriment as well as the concepts that highlight food processing. The governance within the Food attainment Industries are exceptionally strict when it comes to the quality and the safety of their manufactured products. The role of a Food Scientist is to examine the microbiological, biochemical and physical equities of food. The main three categories of food are proteins fats and carbohydrates.Benedicts test was considered perfect for this expe riment as this test is elicit detect a positive import for reducing monosaccharides or disaccharides sugars such as glucose and lactose. During the process of heating, the alkali in the Benedicts reagent becomes highly reactive and it behaves as a strong reducing agent.The signifi arseholet color in variety show that occurs from a clear blue influence to a brick red precipitate indicates a positive end point for the movement of glucose within a food specimen. The green/yellow colour change thunder mug indicate a vague movement of protein as well as the presence of glucose.Starch is an exemplification of a polysaccharide that is found mostly within plants. Plants use starch to store energy.The atomic number 53 foot race is extremely sensitive and can detect up to 0.00002M of a resultant tested at a temperature of 20 C. However, if the samples pH is low, the iodine solutions reactions wouldnt occur with the sample solution tested. Iodine solution determines the presence of starch most easily when the cell walls are damaged and broken down in order to chemically react with the starch grains. In the presence of starch there is a colour change from Brown to Blue/Black. It is expected for starch to be present within potatoes, flour, certain vegetables and cereals.Proteina and amino acids are the building blocks of protein. The amino acids are linked by peptide bonds. Protein is highly found within meat, seeds and beans.The biuret test was considered ideal for this experiment as it can detect higher concentrations of protein.The reaction formed comes from an organic compound as its heated and a high temperature resulting to a positive test for protein. The biuret reagent is composed of thin out copper sulphate within a strong alkali.The colour change from blue to purple originates from the coordinate complex that is found between the cupric ions and the nitrogen atoms.The Bradford Test was also considered for this experiment as it its a rapid and highl y sensitive method for testing for Protein. 1Materials The materials were as in the ITT Biology1 Food Analysis Protocols Manual. 2Methods on that point were 4 different experiments carried out in order to test for different components withing different food samples tested. The Iodine Test, Benedict Test, Biuret Test and Bradford Test were carried out as per Itt Biology1 Food Analysis Protocols Manual. 2Results/DataTable1 Assay Results indicating the presence of reducing sugars applying Benedict solution on the different aqueous solutions tested in the laboratory 6Table2 Assay Results indication the presence of Starch applying Iodine solution on the different aqueous solutions tested in the laboratory 5Table 3 Assay Results indication the presence of Protein applying Biuret Reagent on the different aqueous solutions tested in the laboratory 3Table 4 Assay Results indication the presence of Protein applying Bradford Reagent on the different aqueous solutions tested in the laboratory 4DiscussionThe following table will indicate the expected results of the solutions tested in the laboratory 7 outcome A From the data obtained there is a positive result for the presence of glucose as the colour obtained was Green. The colour Green shows that there was another trace fixings as well as the presence of Glucose. For the Iodine test the colour obtained was sensationalistic towards Brown which indicates there was a negative result for the presence of starch. thither was a negative result for the presence of protein using the Biuret Reagent as the original colour Blue remained the same. However, when this solution was tested for the presence of protein using Bradford Reagent, there was a colour change from Brown to Light Blue indicating that there are small traces of protein present within this solution. This leads to a conclusion that solution A can be classified as being High Energy Glucose throw diluted 1 in 20.Solution B From the data obtained it showed to have th e presence of Glucose as the colour obtained was Green. The colour Green tells us that traces of protein has been present as well as Glucose. To sustain this statement, when solution B was tested using Bradford Reagent , it showed a positive result for the presence of protein due to the colour change from Brown to Blue. However there was no presence of Starch within this solution as the colour remained the iodine brown/yellow original colour. This leads to the conclusion that solution B might have been the Diet Carbonated Lemon Lime Drink diluted 1 in 20.Solution C Looking at the data obtained, Reducing sugars are present within this solution as the colour changed from Blue to Green. The Iodine test showed a negative result for the presence of Starch as the colour remained Brown. However, traces of Protein was present when the Bradford Test was carried out. This signifies that the solution C can be the Carbonated Diet Lemon and Lime Drink diluted 1 in 1000.According to the expected results, the Carbonated Lemon and Lime Drink diluted 1 in 1000 showed to have a positive result for Reducing sugar, and Protein. However, since this solution was diluted 1 in 1000, its possible that the presence of protein didnt show because of the insufficient amount of protein. The Bradford Test showed to have the ability to indicate small traces of protein.Solution D Analysing the data obtained the wasnt any presence of Glucose in the Reducing Sugars Assay as the colour remained blue. There wasnt any Starch present when Iodine solution was added in the Solution D due to no change in the colour i.e. Brown. However, the Biuret Test indicated a positive result for the presence of protein due to the colour change from Blue to empurpled. As the Biuret test is known to detect large traces of protein, the presence of protein also came positive when the Bradford Reagent was use. Looking at the different solutions and their expected results, Solution D can be considered to be Sports Supp lement diluted 1 in 10 since it is said its based on protein and not so much Carbohydrate based. This can be the reason why the Iodine and Benedict Test showed negative results.Solution E From the results obtained it indicated that there are traces of Glucose as the colour changed from Blue to Yellow/Brown. The colour brown isnt the presence only for the presence of glucose which is orange. There are traces of a different component within the Solution E. There arent any traces of Starch when the Iodine Solution was added to a sample of Solution E. However, the extra trace element that appeared during the Bradford Test.The colour changed from Brown to dark Blue signifying traces of protein. When the solution was tested for protein using the Biuret Reagent, it showed a negative result as there was no colour change. As a conclusion, the Solution E appears to be intimidates Milk diluted 1 in 20.Solution F Analysing the data obtained from carrying out different aqueous procedures, it sh owed that there is a negative result for the presence of Reducing Sugars as the colour remained Blue after boiling process. There was also a negative result for the presence of Starch when Iodine solution was added and the colour remained the colour of Iodine solution i.e. Brown/Yellow. However, there was a positive result using both Biuret and Bradford Reagents as the colour changes to Purple when Biuret Reagent was used and the colour changed to dark Blue when Bradford Reagent was used. Comparing the result from this solution to the other expected solutions, Solution F can be looked upon to be Liquidised cauliflower Filtered and Diluted 1 in 5.Solution G From the results obtained it showed that there was a positive result for the presence of Glucose as there was a colour change from Blue to Brown. The colour brown also indicates there is another trace element present within this solution as well as Glucose. In the Iodine Test there was a positive result for the presence of starch as the colour change was Orange. This is an unusual colour as the echt positive colour indication for the presence of starch is Blue/Black. However, the colour orange can indicate there are more than one trace elements that are present within this solution. When the Bradford Test was carried out, a negative result was obtained as the colour did not change in Biuret and Bradford Test. From the data obtained, Solution G can be Diet Carbonated Lemon and Lime Drink diluted 1 in 10.Solution H From the results obtained it showed a negative result for reducing sugar as the colour remained Blue. However, there was a positive result for the presence of starch as the colour changed from Brown/yellow to Orange. There was also a positive result when the solution was tested for protein. When Biuret Reagent was used the colour didnt change which leads to a negative result but when the Bradford Reagent was used there was a positive result as the colour changed into Light Blue. This can mean that the Solution H can be classified to be Wheat flour 0.5% w/v solution.ConclusionThe purpose of these Qualitative experiments was to analyse in depth the aqueous solutions given and tested for the presence of starch, traces of protein and for reducing sugars. The data collected from each solution was compared with the expected results from specific solutions from which some were diluted more than 5 times. The results obtained were remarkably close to the results expected. This concludes that the overall assays undertaken were a victor due to the results obtained and discussions made.ReferencesBooks/Manuals1 ITT Laboratory Skills Manual (2014-2015), Biology1, pg. 44-512 ITT Biology Analysis Protocols (2014-2015)3 Malhotra VK (2003) 4th Edition, Food Analysis, Practical Biochemistry for Students, Ch.48.4 Shanmugam S., Sathish Kumar T, Panneer Selvam K, (2010) Laboratory Handbook on Biochemistry, Eastern Economy Edition, pg26-27Online Links5 British Nutrition Foundation (2004), Test for Starch, (Energy and Nutrients1995) (http//www.foodafactoflife.org.uk/attachments/92592385-dfb2-4ad6d61cf053.pdf) Accessed on twenty-sixth October 2014 10.00am.6 British Nutrition Foundation (2004), (Energy and Nutrients 1995) (http//www.foodafactoflife.org.uk/attachments/f4525d5b-0133-49b1e394c729.pdf) Accessed on 26th October emailprotected 10.30am.7 Conde Nast (2014) Self Nutrition Data (http//nutritiondata.self.com/facts/beverages/7399/2) accessed on 26th emailprotected.

State Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)

State Childrens health Insurance Program (CHIP)Ghada AlemArticle assessmentState Childrens Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Eligibility Expansion ImpactI. BACKGROUNDDuring an introductory course about health indemnity, namely Fundamentals for Health Policy, health insurance insurance insurance coverage in the U.S. was among the subjects presented. Under the public sector, there argon two large insurance course of larns that are funded by the federal authorities 1) Medicare, and 2) Medicaid. Fundamental aspects of the Medicaid program were discussed along with The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) expansion of the programs eligibility. Moreover, CHIP or State Childrens Health Insurance Program was introduced. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to further detail the CHIP program and to explore the jounce of expanding its eligibility.CHIP was created in 1997 when Congress acted to permit low-income children with health insurance. Prior to CHIP, a coverage gap occurred for this assemblage of children in their states whose family income is above the eligibility level for Medicaid program. Initially, the program had a ten years block give in of $40 billion. Upon its expiry in 2007, Congress made an attempt to extend the program done passing of two versions of CHIP Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA). However, the U.S. then electric chair GW Bush vetoed both versions and signed a temporary extension instead. When president Barack Obama took office back in 2009, Congress made its second attempt toward extending the program and the president signed it into law to be his first acts assuming his office. The Reauthorization Act of CHIP (CHIPRA) granted $33 billion in federal funds for childrens coverage and an extension until 2019. However, the funding was effective only through fiscal year 2015. 1CHIPRA gave states additional resources and options to help reduce the uninsured children rate 2. Such options implicate expanding the CHIP program eligi bility to new populations, encouraging families to signup for coverage through simplifying enrollment and renewal procedures for Medicaid and CHIP program, and funding outreach grants to help enroll eligible children 2. Although these policy changes would create potential and hence, invoke more studies examining their impact, few efforts have actually examined the importation of the new policy changes 2. In this paper, two articles that have actually addressed the impact of CHIP eligibility expansion are covered in the chase sections.II. FIRST ARTICLE ASSESSMENTIn the first article titled Coverage For Low-Income Immigrant Children increase 24.5 Percent In States That Expanded CHIPRA Eligibility, Saloner et al., stated the absence of any previous studies examining the effect of CHIPRA for immigrant children. Thus, authors compared changes post CHIPRA passage in terms of coverage and access. The said equivalence was aimed at immigrant children who reside in states that expanded el igibility to them against the states that did not expand their eligibility. 3Goals and MethodsThis article indicates that CHIPRA policy did not eliminate some barriers that could be a cause for wanting health insurance coverage in immigrant children (e.g., language and cultural barriers). However, states were provided with federally funded health insurance as a new option by the policy toward expanding eligibility to immigrant children. Accordingly, authors hypothesized that a coverage and access increase would occur among immigrant children as a outcome of the policy. The ruminate design was cross-sectional by using the National go off of Childrens Health (NSCH). The main data sources were the 2003, 2007, and 201112 rounds of the National Survey of Childrens Health. Sample selection was based on CHIP eligibility income threshold that would intimately likely extract eligible children population in the previous year. Two roots were compared against a children and parent in the same income category who are US-born 1) children and parents who are foreign-born, and 2) children who are US-born with foreign-born parents. During the study period, children in the comparison group (i.e., US-born child and parents) had higher healthcare coverage and access. Three outcomes related to health insurance coverage had been examined 1) coverage status at the time of the survey, 2) coverage type (i.e., private plan or public), and 3) coverage gap during past year. Sample characteristics of all children living in states that implemented (or did not) the policy were compared using descriptive analysis. In order to ensure that the policy was the source of differences affecting immigrant children in states, authors controlled for state-level trends of children and parents who are US-born. Isolation between free lance outcomes changes and confounding ones occurring during the same time period were possible through difference-in-difference-in-difference method (quasi-experimen tal). 3Findings and ConclusionsInsurance coverage increase among immigrant children in states that expanded the eligibility was 24.5 percent compared to the same group in states that did not expand the eligibility. This increase was contributed to the public insurance high enrollment. Moreover, decrease of unmet healthcare needs and disparities (among immigrant children and nonimmigrant families) were spare in states that adopted the eligibility expansion. Finally, healthcare coverage and access gaps between immigrant and nonimmigrant children was reduced due to CHIPRA eligibility expansion. 3Article Assessment Policy ImplicationsThis research effort is a contribution highlights the importance of healthcare insurance coverage and access for immigrant children. Usually, immigrant children (foreign-born or US-born with foreign-born parents) have poor preventive care compared to nonimmigrant children. This poor status at the children earlier stages in life would have consequences thr ough adulthood. Additional research effort should examine the remaining financial and cultural care barriers. Moreover, variation in the new policy implementation among states and other groups should be investigated. Finally, a significant factor that needs to be examined is sustainability the explored healthcare coverage and access improvement in this study was applicable to the two years following CHIPRA and hence, further studies are required to check for any further improvements after those two years. 3II. SECOND ARTICLE ASSESSMENTIn the second article titled The Impact Of Recent CHIP Eligibility Expansions On Childrens Insurance Coverage, 200812, Goldstein et al., stated the absence of any in-depth analysis about the impact CHIP expansions to higher-income children on insurance coverage. Hence, they intended to estimate the impact of CHIP eligibility expansion on changes in un-insurance, public insurance, and private insurance. 2Goals and MethodsThe data source for this study w as from the 2008-2012 American federation Survey (ACS). A difference-indifferences framework study design was used in this study. Authors have analyzed two groups of children 1) newly eligible children for CHIP (i.e., the treatment group), and 2) convertible children who were not eligible for CHIP (i.e., comparison group). The treatment group consisted of all children who were made newly eligible for CHIP by their states expansion. sensitiveness analysis was used with different comparison groups to test the consistency of moderates since difference-indifferences estimates can vary depending on the composition of the comparison group. Authors first analyzed unadjusted changes in the three types of insurance coverage (public, private, and uninsured) by calculating the raw change in each type for the treatment and comparison groups between 2008 and 2012. They then mensurable difference-in-differences estimates for each type of insurance coverage. Next, they estimated the relative change in the un-insurance rate attributable to the expansions. Finally, they assessed the degree of crowd-out (i.e., the share of gains in public coverage from the expansions that was a result of decreases in private coverage). All estimates were weighted using survey weights that reflected the complex survey design of the ACS. 2Findings and ConclusionsA decrease of 1.1 percentage point in the newly eligible uninsured group was estimated in this study due to the expansion (15% cut in un-insurance rate). An increase of 2.9 percentage points in public coverage was evident with variations in states adoption. Since higher-income children might not have access to affordable coverage, the study findings suggest providing coverage to them through CHIP toward lowering their risk of being uninsured. The study concluded that a significant reductions in un-insurance among newly eligible children was produced by the juvenile CHIP expansions. 2Article Assessment Policy ImplicationsAnalytical approach includes a couple of limitations. First, authors included the year of the expansions passage in their pre-expansion period, which could be a source of bias to their change estimates downward. Second, measurement error could become from their use of the ACS (ACS does not provide state-specific program names for CHIP or include a verification question for un-insurance, and it may overestimate no group coverage) 2. Third, it is unknown whether the changes reported in the results of this study could be generalized to the remaining thirty-five states in the case these states chose to expand CHIP eligibility 2.A policy implication could be realized if CHIP funding is not extended. Authors indicated that in the case of no extension, families with children enrolled in the program could turn instead to a health insurance Marketplace to purchase subsidized coverage. However, many of these families would not be eligible for such subsidized coverage. This is due to the fact that ACA d efinition for affordability is based on the woo of premiums for employee-only coverage that ignores the cost to the family of covering dependents. For instance, dependent family members for a worker would not be able to receive Marketplace subsidies, even if the cost for full family coverage were unaffordable, since the worker were offered affordable employee-only coverage. Accordingly, some children would end up without either CHIP coverage or access to affordable private insurance. Thus, many children in this study could also lose coverage in the case of not addressing barriers to employer-sponsored family coverage andMarketplace subsidies. 2CONCLUSIONGenerally, CHIP expansion has a positive impact on children insurance coverage. While the first study addressed benefits to immigrant children from the expansion, the second one addressed the reduction of uninsured children through the expansion. Expansion was supported as it would result in maintaining a good health and reducing di sparities among this immigrant population 3, and would decrease the risk for having uninsured children 2.REFERENCES1 Teitelbaum JB. Essentials of Health Policy and Law. Jones Bartlett Learning 2012.2 Goldstein IM, Kostova D, Foltz JL, Kenney GM. The impact of recent CHIP eligibility expansions on childrens insurance coverage, 2008-12. Health Aff (Millwood). 201433(10)1861-7.3 Saloner B, Koyawala N, Kenney GM. Coverage for low-income immigrant children increased 24.5 percent in states that expanded CHIPRA eligibility. Health Aff (Millwood). 201433(5)832-9.1 Page

Deception in Jonsons Volpone Essay examples -- Jonson Volpone

 Deception in Volpone   In Volpone, Ben Jonson emphasizes the fun and the humor of deceit, but he does not overlook its nastiness, and in the end he punishes the deceivers. The play centers around the wealthy Volpone, who, having no wife or children, pretends to be dying and, with the help of his silken servant Mosca, eggs on several greedy characters, each of whom hopes to be made Volpones sole heir. Jonsons ardent love of language reveals itself throughout the play, but peculiarly in the words of Mosca and Volpone, who relish the deceptive powers of language. Volpone himself pursues his schemes partly out of greed, but partly out of his passionate love of getting the best of people. He cannot digest the temptation to outsmart those around him, particularly when fate delivers him such perfect gulls as the lawyer Voltore, the merchant Corvino, the doddering old Corbaccio, and the foolish English travelers Sir politic and Lady Would-Be. Mosca too revels in his ability to beguile others, remarking I fear I shall begin to grow in love / With my dear self, so stimulate is he with his own manipulations. His self-love, however, proves his undoing, as it does for Volpone. Both characters become so entranced by their own elaborate fictions that they cannot bring themselves to stop their scheming before they stag themselves. Jonsons audience would have recognized both the wily Volpone and the parasitical Mosca as stereotypically Italian. English playwrights frequently borrowed characters from Italian drama and from Italys comic dramatic tradition, the commedia dellarte. Venice, the setting for Volpone, elicited the glory of Italian art and culture, but also Italys decadence and corruption, which the English view... ...trations were well known to be more than just a diminished obscene, as she says. We are encouraged to laugh with Volpone and Mosca at the pretensions and hypocrisies of Lady Would-Be and the other ever-hopeful heirs but ultimately J onson chooses to punish the deceivers and asks us to side, however reluctantly, with the Venetian Senate in condemning them. Voltore, Corvino, and the others may richly deserve to be tricked, but Volpone and Mosca are not agents of justice, and we must not confuse them with such truly virtuous characters as Celia and Bonario. Nevertheless, Jonson gives Volpone the last word in the plays Epilogue, where Volpone asks our forgiveness, and we find ourselves in complicity with him once again. We are invited in the end to revel in the delightfulness of deception, and of language, and to suspend, if only briefly, our moral judgments.  

The Efffects Of Louis 16th On :: essays research papers fc

The French Revolution was a significant milestone in European history, remembered by many in historical and literary works. The situation in France, mostly under the leadership of Louis XVI, had a negative influence in France, thus creating a perfect climate for the French Revolution. France was plagued by both debt, and poor decision making. prior to 1789. France was poverty-stricken and burdened with some of the highest debts. On the pecuniary side, Louis XVI was aided by Finance Minister Anne Robert Jauques Turgot, and indoor Minister Chretien Guillaume de Lamoignon de Malesherbes (*The economic origins of the French revolution, pg. 4). Louis introduced some of the most oppressive taxes and instituted financial reforms. Greater reforms were prevented by the opposition of the upper classes and court. This opposition was so strong that Turgot was force to resign and was replaced by Jauques Necker. Lengthy wars, the support to the American Revolution and the gross amount of taxes paid and the lavish spending of the court contributed to the huge national debt. The governing bodys financial problems were made worse after 1740 by the renewal of costly wars (the French revolution, pg. 9). The war of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and the Seven Years War (1756-1763) were European wars over the domination of central Europe and colonial and commercial wars between France and Great Britain (*Aspects of the French Revolution pg. ). At their end, in 1763 France had lost almost all of its colonial empire in America and India. In 1778 the French launched an attack against Britain in the American Revolution. They were hoping to weaken old rivalries and call back lost colonies. The hopes of the French were not realized and their participation in the war increased an already heavy national debt. After Louis XVI granted financial aid (1778-81) to the American colonies revolting against Great Britain, Necker proposed drastic taxes on the nobility. Necker was forced t o resign in 1781 (Louis XVI and M. Antoinette ..pg 37) because of the discontentment of the people. Charles Alexandre deCalonne replaced him in 1783 and borrowed money for the court until the acceptance limit was reached (* Canadian Encyclopedia ref france, revolution ). The anger of the French people against taxes, debt and lavish spending on the Court resulted in the recall of Necker in 1788, who still could not prevent bankruptcy of the government. During the next couple of years the financial crisis steadily worsened, because the government was bankrupt.